Gravitation – Class 11 Physics MCQs (CBSE NCERT)

1. The universal law of gravitation was given by:
   • A) Kepler
   • B) Newton
   • C) Galileo
   • D) Cavendish
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   Answer: B) Newton
2. The gravitational constant (G) has units of:
   • A) N m²/kg²
   • B) m³/kg s²
   • C) N/kg²
   • D) N m/kg
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   Answer: A) N m²/kg²
3. Value of G was first measured by:
   • A) Newton
   • B) Cavendish
   • C) Kepler
   • D) Einstein
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   Answer: B) Cavendish
4. Which of the following quantities does not depend on mass of the body?
   • A) Weight
   • B) Gravitational force
   • C) Acceleration due to gravity
   • D) Momentum
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   Answer: C) Acceleration due to gravity
5. Acceleration due to gravity at the Earth’s surface is approximately:
   • A) 9.8 m/s²
   • B) 8.9 m/s²
   • C) 10 m/s²
   • D) 9.0 m/s²
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   Answer: A) 9.8 m/s²
6. Value of g on the surface of Earth is given by:
   • A) G M/R²
   • B) G M/R
   • C) GMR
   • D) GR²/M
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   Answer: A) G M/R²
7. The acceleration due to gravity at height h above Earth’s surface is:
   • A) g(1 – 2h/R)
   • B) g(1 + 2h/R)
   • C) g(1 – h/R)²
   • D) g(1 – 2h/R)²
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   Answer: A) g(1 – 2h/R)
8. The value of g is maximum at:
   • A) Poles
   • B) Equator
   • C) Center of Earth
   • D) None
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   Answer: A) Poles
9. Gravitational potential at a point is the work done in bringing a unit mass from:
   • A) Earth’s surface to that point
   • B) Infinity to that point
   • C) Center to surface
   • D) One point to another
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   Answer: B) Infinity to that point
10. Gravitational potential energy between two masses m1 and m2 separated by distance r is:
    • A) Gm1m2/r²
    • B) Gm1m2/r
    • C) -Gm1m2/r
    • D) -Gm1m2/r²
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    Answer: C) -Gm1m2/r
11. Gravitational potential energy is always:
    • A) Positive
    • B) Zero
    • C) Negative
    • D) May be positive or negative
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    Answer: C) Negative
12. The square of the time period of revolution of a planet is proportional to:
    • A) Radius
    • B) Square of radius
    • C) Cube of radius
    • D) None
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    Answer: C) Cube of radius
13. The force providing the necessary centripetal acceleration to a satellite is:
    • A) Electrostatic
    • B) Magnetic
    • C) Gravitational
    • D) Nuclear
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    Answer: C) Gravitational
14. The escape velocity on Earth is nearly:
    • A) 7.9 km/s
    • B) 8.9 km/s
    • C) 11.2 km/s
    • D) 9.8 km/s
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    Answer: C) 11.2 km/s
15. For a satellite revolving very close to Earth’s surface, its time period is about:
    • A) 90 min
    • B) 12 hr
    • C) 24 hr
    • D) 6 hr
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    Answer: A) 90 min
16. A geostationary satellite appears stationary because its time period is:
    • A) 1 hr
    • B) 6 hr
    • C) 12 hr
    • D) 24 hr
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    Answer: D) 24 hr
17. If Earth shrinks to half its radius keeping mass same, g on surface becomes:
    • A) 2 times
    • B) 4 times
    • C) 1/2 times
    • D) 1/4 times
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    Answer: B) 4 times
18. Inside a uniform spherical shell, gravitational field is:
    • A) Maximum at center
    • B) Zero
    • C) Minimum at surface
    • D) Infinite
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    Answer: B) Zero
19. The dimension of G is:
    • A) [M^-1L^3T^-2]
    • B) [ML^2T^-2]
    • C) [M^0L^3T^-2]
    • D) [M^-2L^3T^-1]
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    Answer: A) [M^-1L^3T^-2]
20. Work done by gravitational force in circular orbit is:
    • A) Maximum
    • B) Minimum
    • C) Zero
    • D) Depends on path
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    Answer: C) Zero